Microbiology – Undergraduate Programme Overview
Microbiology as an undergraduate programme focuses on the study of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, algae, and protozoa, and their effects on humans, animals, plants, and the environment. It is a core biological science that combines laboratory techniques and theoretical knowledge to understand microbial structure, genetics, physiology, and ecology. The programme typically spans four years and leads to the award of a Bachelor of Science (B.Sc.) in Microbiology.
Students in this programme take courses such as general microbiology, immunology, microbial genetics, virology, parasitology, industrial microbiology, environmental microbiology, food microbiology, and medical microbiology. The goal is to produce graduates equipped to work in healthcare, biotechnology, environmental management, research, and related fields.
Importance Across All Fields and Sectors
Microbiology is vital across several sectors due to its role in health, industry, agriculture, and environmental safety:
Healthcare and Medicine: Helps in disease diagnosis, vaccine development, infection control, and antimicrobial research.
Pharmaceutical Industry: Supports the development and testing of antibiotics, vaccines, and probiotics.
Food and Beverage Industry: Ensures food safety, quality control, and the use of microbes in fermentation and preservation.
Agriculture: Enhances soil fertility through microbial activity and supports biopesticide and biofertilizer production.
Environmental Science: Plays a key role in waste decomposition, water purification, and bioremediation of polluted environments.
Biotechnology and Research: Provides the foundation for genetic engineering, biofuel production, and molecular diagnostics.
Public Health and Epidemiology: Involves monitoring and controlling outbreaks of infectious diseases.
Academic and Industrial Research: Contributes to scientific advancements and innovation in life sciences.
Admission Requirements for Microbiology
1. National Requirements (UTME and SSCE)
O’Level Requirements (WAEC/NECO/NABTEB)
Candidates must obtain at least five (5) credit passes in the following subjects:
English Language
Mathematics
Biology
Chemistry
Physics
Credits must be obtained at not more than two sittings.
UTME Subjects
Candidates must sit for and pass the following:
Biology
Chemistry
Physics or Mathematics
Minimum UTME Score
Most institutions require a UTME score of 180–200.
Competitive programmes may require 220 or higher.
JAMB Subject Combination
Biology, Chemistry, and Physics or Mathematics.
2. Direct Entry (DE) Requirements
Candidates applying for Direct Entry into 200 Level must have one of the following:
Two A-Level passes in Biology and Chemistry or Physics.
ND/NCE with merit or upper credit in Microbiology, Biology, or related sciences.
JUPEB/IJMB passes in relevant science subjects.
3. University or Faculty-Specific Requirements
Some universities conduct a Post-UTME screening or internal exam.
A strong science background, particularly in biology and chemistry, is essential.
Some institutions may accept Agricultural Science in place of Biology or include Further Mathematics as an acceptable O’Level subject.
Laboratory experience or participation in science fairs may be an added advantage.